A white man whipping a black man tied to the trunk of a tree - NYPL Digital Collections

One of hundreds of thousands of free digital items from The New York Public Library.

A white man whipping a black man tied to the trunk of a tree - NYPL Digital Collections

The Project Gutenberg eBook of V. V.'s Eyes, by Henry Sydnor Harrison

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White man whipping a black woman tied to a pole - NYPL's Public Domain Archive Public Domain Search

Torturing American Citizens - a man whipping an African American man tied to a fallen tree in the Antebellum American South Stock Photo - Alamy

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The Distributed Proofreaders Canada eBook of Lydia Bailey by Kenneth Roberts

The Enslaved (Part I) - Old Age and American Slavery

The Benton Museum of Art at Pomona College - House by River

A black man being tortured with whips by white men - NYPL's Public Domain Archive Public Domain Search

30 Days a Black Man: The Forgotten Story That Exposed the Jim Crow South - 9781493038824

Smarthistory – Francisco Oller, Hacienda La Fortuna

Whipping a restrained slave - NYPL Digital Collections